SA2: System Architecture enhancement for supporting Edge Computing.He told the workshop attendees (Over 100 delegates) that Edge computing has been a major focus in 3GPP Release 17, with four key groups in TSG SA carrying out studies and normative work: TSG SA concluded that the 3GPP work was not yet fully reflected in the GSMA’s early output, necessitating a 3GPP liaison statement (SP-210003) towards GSMA OPAG.ĭuring the workshop, the 3GPP presentation by Suresh Chitturi, the 3GPP WG SA6 Chair, provided more detailed references to 3GPP specifications and additional comments from the working groups, for discussion. Prior to the January 21 workshop, the 3GPP Technical Specification Group Service and System Aspects (TSG SA) reviewed the OPAG API work categories and initial mapping. During this time, the share of adults in the upper-income tier increased from 14% to 20%, and the share in the lower-income tier increased from 25% to 29%.Telco Edge Computing - Mapping requirements to standardsĪ workshop organised by the GSMA Operator Platform Group (OPG) has gathered inputs from 3GPP and ETSI to help the Association to compile a mapping of specifications for enabling Telco Edge Computing platforms - that meet the requirements of their new Operator Platform API Group (OPAG). The share of American adults who live in middle-income households has decreased from 61% in 1971 to 51% in 2019. By comparison, the median income for upper-tier households grew 64% over that time, from $126,100 to $207,400. From 1970 to 2018, the median middle-class income increased from $58,100 to $86,600, a gain of 49%. Middle-class incomes have grown at a slower rate than upper-tier incomes over the past five decades, the same analysis found. Families in the second-lowest fifth experienced a 39% loss (from $32,100 in 2007 to $19,500 in 2016). In contrast, the median net worth of families in lower tiers of wealth decreased by at least 20%. For the top 5%, it increased by 4%, to $4.8 million. From 2007 to 2016, the median net worth of the top 20% increased 13%, to $1.2 million. The richest families are also the only ones whose wealth increased in the years after the start of the Great Recession. (The median wealth of the poorest 20% is either zero or negative in most years we examined.) By 2016, the top 5% held 248 times as much wealth at the median.
In 1989, the richest 5% of families had 114 times as much wealth as families in the second quintile (one tier above the lowest), at the median $2.3 million compared with $20,300. Another way of measuring inequality is to look at household wealth, also known as net worth, or the value of assets owned by a family, such as a home or a savings account, minus outstanding debt, such as a mortgage or student loan. The wealth gap between America’s richest and poorer families more than doubled from 1989 to 2016, according to a recent analysis by the Center.
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